a light ray is incident upon a plane interface between two materials. the ray makes an angle of 61 degrees with the direction perpendicular to the surface. the first material has an index of refraction of 2.1. if the second material has an index of refraction 7.5, what is the refracted angle in degrees? enter your answer to the nearest whole number.

E_total(θ) = Σ (Eθ e^(j(kd(i-1)cos(θ) + βi)))
This expression represents the total radiated field of the array, considering the individual contributions from horizontally polarized dipole elements with the given electric field Eθ and taking into account their positions and phase shifts within the array.

To find the expression for the total radiated field of the array, we need to consider the individual contributions of each dipole element in the array and sum them up. Since the antenna elements are horizontally polarized dipoles, we can express the radiated electric field Eθ for a single dipole as:

Eθ = âθ jµ (kIol / 4πr) e^(-jkr) |cos θ|

Here, âθ represents the unit vector in the θ direction, j is the imaginary unit, µ is the permeability, k is the wave number, Iol is the current at the location of the dipole, r is the distance from the dipole, and θ is the angle between the observation point and the dipole axis.

Now, we need to consider an array of N dipoles, each with its own location and phase shift. For simplicity, let's assume that all dipoles have the same current amplitude I0 and are uniformly spaced with a distance d along the x-axis.

To find the total radiated field for the array, we need to sum the contributions of each dipole element:

E_total(θ) = Σ E_i(θ)

where E_i(θ) is the radiated field of the i-th dipole, and the summation goes from i=1 to N.

For each dipole in the array, we need to account for the phase shift due to its position along the x-axis and the additional phase shift βi introduced by the array feeding network:

E_i(θ) = Eθ e^(j(kd(i-1)cos(θ) + βi))

So, the total radiated field of the array is given by:

E_total(θ) = Σ (Eθ e^(j(kd(i-1)cos(θ) + βi)))

This expression represents the total radiated field of the array, considering the individual contributions from horizontally polarized dipole elements with the given electric field Eθ and taking into account their positions and phase shifts within the array.

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When switch S1 is closed, the current in the circuit increases and flows through both the inductor and the resistor. The inductor opposes changes in current, so it initially behaves like a short circuit and the voltage across it is zero.

At this point,  voltage across  inductor starts to increase. When switch S2 is closed, current in the circuit starts to decrease. As a result, the voltage across the inductor will initially be greater than voltage across the resistor. The voltage across the inductor will gradually decrease as the magnetic field in the inductor collapses and  current approaches zero. Therefore, the voltage across  inductor will be larger than the voltage across the resistor at the moment switch S2 is closed.

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Answer:

The first step is to calculate the potential energy of the ball at the top of the first hill using the formula PE = mgh, where m is the mass of the ball, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the hill. PE = (8 kg) x (9.8 m/s^2) x (20 m) = 1568 J Next, we can use the law of conservation of energy, which states that the total energy of a closed system remains constant. This means that the potential energy at the top of the first hill must be equal to the kinetic energy at the bottom of the hill, since there is no external work done on the ball. So, using the formula KE = 1/2mv^2, where v is the velocity of the ball, we can solve for v: KE = 1

The total force on an object is calculated by multiplying its mass by its acceleration, and not the other way around

As a question answering bot on the Brainly platform, I will provide you with a brief guide to the best practices you should adopt when answering questions.

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4. Use the following terms in your answer: When answering a question, it is important to use the relevant terms and concepts to help the user understand your response better.

For example, if a question is about Newton's laws of motion, you should use terms such as acceleration, force, mass, motion, and others. Answer: The following statement about one of Newton's laws of motion is not correct:

the total force on an object is calculated by multiplying its mass times its acceleration. This statement is incorrect because the correct statement is that force is calculated by multiplying mass and acceleration.

Newton's second law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. .

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The light curve of a variable star, such as an RR Lyrae or Cepheid variable, contains information about the star's intrinsic brightness and its pulsation period.

A graph of a variable star's brightness over time is called a light curve. A variable star's brightness varies over time as a result of a variety of events, such as pulsations, eruptions, or eclipses. The intrinsic brightness of a variable star, such as an RR Lyrae or Cepheid variable, affects its pulsation period. By comparing the apparent brightness of a star to its intrinsic brightness, astronomers may use this connection, also known as the period-luminosity relationship, to calculate the star's distance from the Earth.

A variable star's light curve also provides details about the star's physical characteristics, including its mass, radius, and temperature. Astronomers can discover information about the star's structure and development by examining the light curve's shape and amplitude.

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Based on the information, we can infer that the correct answer is D. Frequency and wavelength are directly proportional, and pitch is the perception of frequency.

Sound waves are longitudinal waves that travel through a medium, such as air or water. The frequency of a sound wave refers to the number of cycles of compression and rarefaction that occur in one second, measured in Hertz (Hz). The wavelength of a sound wave refers to the distance between two consecutive points in the wave that are in phase, such as the distance between two consecutive compressions or rarefactions.

The pitch of a sound refers to how high or low it sounds to a listener. This perception of pitch is directly related to the frequency of the sound wave. A higher frequency sound wave produces a higher-pitched sound, while a lower frequency sound wave produces a lower-pitched sound.

Therefore, as the frequency of a sound wave increases, so does its pitch, while the wavelength decreases. Conversely, as the frequency decreases, the wavelength increases, and the pitch becomes lower.

In the case of the chirping bird, the students in the Physics classroom can observe that as the frequency of the bird's chirping increases, the pitch of the sound also increases, while the wavelength decreases. This relationship between frequency, wavelength, and pitch is an important concept in the study of sound waves and acoustics.

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There will be a maximum of 2n - 1 nodes in a binary tree with n levels. In the case of a binary tree with three levels, the maximum number of nodes is 2^3 - 1 = 7. This implies that the minimum number of nodes in a binary tree with 3 levels is seven (7).

The minimum number of nodes in a binary tree with 3 levels is seven (7).A binary tree is a tree data structure in which each node has no more than two children, which are referred to as the left and right children. The root node is at the top of the binary tree, and each node has a maximum of two child nodes.

The maximum number of nodes on each level is determined by the number of levels in a binary tree.In the first level of a binary tree, there is only one node: the root node. The root node has two children nodes in the second level, and each of those nodes has two children nodes in the third level.  

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A correlation of -0.9 mean : 2.) as one variable increases, the other variable decreases.

A correlation of -0.9 indicates a strong negative correlation between two variables, which means that as one variable increases, then other variable decreases. Closer is the correlation coefficient to -1,  stronger is the negative correlation between the variables. Hence, option 2)as one variable increases, the other variable decreases is the correct answer.

Since correlation is symmetrical and represents the strength of the association between two variables, it follows that the correlation between variables A and B and B and A are identical.

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Answer:

The name for this type of movie is "anthology film" or "portmanteau film."

The name for the type of movie where an object is passed from one person to another like The Red Violin or The Yellow Rolls Royce is called an "anthology film."

An anthology film is a type of film consisting of several short stories, often linked by a common theme or object. In this case, the object being passed from one person to another is the linking element that ties the stories together. Other examples of anthology films include Four Rooms, The Ballad of Buster Scruggs, and Pulp Fiction.

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When a rolling railroad car makes a perfectly elastic collision with railroad car B of the same mass, after the collision, car A is at rest. The speed of car B after the collision is equal to the initial speed of car A.

Before the collision, car A had a velocity of v, while car B had a velocity of zero because it was at rest. As a result of the collision, car A comes to a halt, while car B acquires the initial speed of car A.

Because the collision is elastic, the momentum and energy of the two cars are conserved.

A perfectly elastic collision is a collision in which both the momentum and kinetic energy of the system are conserved. This means that the total momentum and kinetic energy of the system before the collision is equal to the total momentum and kinetic energy of the system after the collision.

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Average yearly high temperature decreases as elevation increases.

The difference in elevation between the two cities results in a difference in atmospheric pressure and thus a difference in temperature.

A decrease in latitude would likely increase the average yearly high temperatures of both cities due to the increased amount of solar radiation they receive.

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The volume of the helium in the balloon when the atmospheric pressure is 380 mmHg is 1520 mL.

To determine the volume of helium in the balloon, the combined gas law must be applied. The formula for the combined gas law is given by:

PV/T = constant

where P is pressure, V is volume, and T is temperature. Since the temperature and the amount of helium remains unchanged, the combined gas law can be written as P1V1 = P2V2 where P1 is the initial pressure, V1 is the initial volume, P2 is the final pressure, and V2 is the final volume.

Given that the initial pressure P1 = 760 mmHg and the final pressure P2 = 380 mmHg, the final volume V2 can be determined using:

P1V1 = P2V2

V2 = (P1V1)/P2

V2 = (760 mL)(760 mmHg)/(380 mmHg)

V2 = 1520 mL

Hence, the volume of the helium in the balloon when the atmospheric pressure is 380 mmHg is 1520 mL.

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Dylan's weight (the gravitational force due to the earth) would decrease to 1/9 of its original value if he tripled his distance from the center of the earth by flying in a spacecraft.

The force of gravity, which determines the weight of an object, is proportional to the mass of the two objects involved (in this case, Dylan and the Earth) and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

The formula for the gravitational force is F = GmM/r², where G is the gravitational constant, m and M are the masses of the two objects, and r is the distance between them.

If Dylan tripled his distance from the center of the Earth, his distance from the center would become three times larger than before. Using the inverse square law, the gravitational force he experiences would be nine times smaller (3²) than it was before.

Therefore, his weight would decrease to 1/9 of its original value, which is 600 N/9 = 66.67 N.

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Explanation:

Potential energy = m * g * h    re-arrange to

PE/mg  = h     plug in the numbers

.06615 J / (9.81 m/s^2 * .0025 kg) = 2.7 m

When an ambulance with a siren emitting a whine at 1600 Hz overtakes and passes a cyclist pedaling a bike at 2.44m/s, the cyclist hears a frequency of 1590 Hz. the speed of The ambulance is 2.44625 m/s.

Since the cyclist is moving in the same direction as the ambulance, the relative speed between the two is the difference in their speeds.

Therefore, The relative speed between them is v = 1600 - 1590 = 10 Hz

For the observer, the ambulance appears to be moving away from him because the frequency heard by him is less than the actual frequency emitted by the ambulance.

 As per the Doppler effect, the following formula can be used to determine the relative velocity between the source and observer:

v = (f₂ - f₁) / f₁

where v is the relative velocity between the source and observer, f₁ is the frequency of the source, and f₂ is the frequency heard by the observer.

Substituting the given values in the above formula, we get:

v = (1590 - 1600) / 1600 = -0.00625

The relative velocity is negative because the ambulance is moving away from the cyclist.

As the cyclist is moving at 2.44 m/s, and the relative velocity between the two is -0.00625, the velocity of the ambulance can be determined as follows:

v = 2.44 - (-0.00625) = 2.44625 m/s

Therefore, the speed of the ambulance is 2.44625 m/s.

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The electric field between two parallel plates is directly proportional to the potential difference between them and inversely proportional to the distance between them. The correct answer is option: b.

We can use the formula E = V/d. In this scenario, the potential difference is 10 V and the electric field is 200 V/m. Solving for d, we get d = V/E = 10 V / 200 V/m = 0.05 m = 50 mm. Therefore, the distance between the plates is 50 mm, which corresponds to option (b). The other options can be eliminated because they either result in an electric field that is too high or too low for the given potential difference. Option b is correct.

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a) Volume = 2.07074454 m^3. b) Heater needs to be on for approximately 45.7 minutes.

The issue gives us the underlying states of an unbending tank containing an immersed fluid fume blend of water at a strain of 100 kPa. The absolute mass of the blend is 5 kg, with just 75.6% of it being fluid. We are approached to decide the volume of the compartment and the time the electric opposition radiator should be turned on until all the water has disintegrated.

To address for the volume of the compartment, we first need to track down the particular volume of the underlying combination. Utilizing the given data that 75.6% of the complete mass is fluid, we can find the mass of the fluid and utilize the steam tables to decide the particular volumes of the immersed fluid and fume at 100 kPa. With this data, we can compute the absolute volume of the combination. The subsequent volume is around 2.07074454 m^3.

To make the opportunity expected for the radiator to disintegrate all the fluid, we can utilize the energy balance condition. We decide the energy expected to disintegrate all the fluid utilizing the particular enthalpy of the immersed fume at 100 kPa and the particular enthalpy of the soaked fluid at 100 kPa. We then, at that point, partition this energy by the force of the radiator, which is a consistent 3.4 kW, to get the time expected for the warmer to disintegrate all the fluid. The subsequent time is roughly 45.7 minutes.

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The photoelectric effect for a certain alloy has a threshold frequency of 6.90 x 10^14 hz. For light of this frequency The energy of one mole of photons is approximately 2.75 x 10^-13 kJ/mol.

To find the energy of one mole of photons, we can use the formula E = nhf, where E is the energy, n is the number of photons in a mole (Avogadro's number), h is Planck's constant, and f is the frequency.

the threshold frequency (f) = 6.90 x 10^14 Hz, Planck's constant (h) = 6.63 x 10^-34 Js, and Avogadro's number (n) = 6.022 x 10^23 mol^-1.
E = (6.022 x 10^23 mol^-1) x (6.63 x 10^-34 Js) x (6.90 x 10^14 Hz)
E = 2.754 x 10^-10 J/mol
Now, convert the energy from Joules to Kilojoules (kJ):
E = 2.754 x 10^-10 J/mol * (1 kJ / 1000 J)
E ≈ 2.75 x 10^-13 kJ/mol
So, the energy of one mole of photons for the given frequency is approximately 2.75 x 10^-13 kJ/mol.

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Values for P1, V1, and P2 to find the size of the tank needed to contain the helium at atmospheric pressure.

To determine the size of the tank needed to contain the helium at atmospheric pressure (1 atm), we need to use the ideal gas law formula:

PV = nRT
Where:
P = Pressure (in atm)
V = Volume (in liters)
n = Moles of gas
R = Ideal gas constant (0.0821 L atm/mol K)
T = Temperature (in Kelvin)
From the student question, we know that the initial pressure (P1) and volume (V1) are given. We also know that the final pressure (P2) is 1 atm. We need to find the final volume (V2).
Step 1: Calculate the moles of helium gas (n) using the initial conditions.
P1V1 = nRT1
n = (P1V1) / (RT1)
Step 2: Calculate the final volume (V2) using the moles of helium gas (n) and atmospheric pressure (1 atm).
P2V2 = nRT2
V2 = (nRT2) / P2
Since we want the tank size for the same amount of helium at atmospheric pressure, we can assume the temperature remains constant (T1 = T2). Therefore, you can simply use the initial conditions to find the final volume:
V2 = (P1V1) / P2
Plug in the given values for P1, V1, and P2 to find the size of the tank needed to contain the helium at atmospheric pressure.

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The solenoid contains 75 turns to create a 0.295 t magnetic field at the center of the solenoid.

To find the number of turns in the solenoid, we can use the formula for the magnetic field inside a solenoid:

B = μ₀ * n * I

where B is the magnetic field strength (0.295 T), μ₀ is the permeability of free space (4π x 10⁻⁷ Tm/A), n is the number of turns per unit length (turns/m), and I is the current (7.45 A).

n = B / (μ₀ * I)
n = 0.295 T / (4π x 10⁻⁷ Tm/A * 7.45 A)
n ≈ 625.57 turns/m

Now, we need to find the total number of turns in the solenoid. Since the solenoid has a length of 12.0 cm, we need to convert that to meters:

Length = 12.0 cm * (1 m / 100 cm) = 0.12 m

Total turns = n * Length
Total turns = 625.57 turns/m * 0.12 m
Total turns ≈ 75.07

Since the number of turns must be a whole number, we can round this to the nearest whole number, which is 75 turns. So, the solenoid contains 75 turns.

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The velocity of the elevator at the end of the fourth 5-second interval is 0 m/s.

We can use the following kinematic equation to relate the velocity of the elevator to the time elapsed: v = u + at

where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity (in this case, u = 0 m/s), a is the acceleration due to gravity (which is acting upward in this case), and t is the time elapsed.

From the graph, we can see that the scale reading (and hence the apparent weight of the student) is constant at 400 N during the first 20 seconds.

This means that the elevator is moving with a constant velocity during this time interval. Therefore, the velocity of the elevator at the end of the fourth 5-second interval (at 20 s) is the same as its initial velocity, which is 0 m/s.

Therefore, the velocity of the elevator at the end of the fourth 5-second interval is 0 m/s.

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The magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the child is F = 160 N.

We can solve this problem using the concept of centripetal force. The centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, and is given by:

[tex]F = mv^2/r[/tex]

where F is the centripetal force, m is the mass of the object, v is its velocity, and r is the radius of the circle.

In this problem, the 30-kg child is sitting 3 m from the center of the merry-go-round, which is moving with a speed of 4 m/s. We can calculate the centripetal force acting on the child as follows:

[tex]F = mv^2/r[/tex]

F = (30 kg)(4 m/s)^2/(3 m)

F = 160 N

Therefore, the centripetal force acting on the child is 160 N. This force is provided by the frictional force between the child and the merry-go-round, which allows the child to move in a circular path with the merry-go-round.

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The following question may be like this:

A child (30 kg) sits 4m from the center of a merry-go-round moving at an angular velocity of 2.3 rad/s. What is the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the child.

When the switch is closed, the capacitor will start to charge. The bulb will light up and its brightness will gradually decrease as the capacitor charges. If the capacitor was twice as large, it would take longer for it to charge and the bulb would stay bright for a longer period of time.

If the bulb had half as much resistance, it would allow more current to flow through it and the bulb would be brighter. The capacitor would also charge faster. When the switch in the circuit is closed, the capacitor will start charging up from zero voltage. Once the capacitor is fully charged, the current in the circuit stops, and the voltage across the capacitor is equal to the voltage of the battery.

When the switch is closed, the capacitor starts charging up from zero voltage, and the voltage across the capacitor increases while the current flowing through the circuit decreases.  The resistor in the circuit limits the flow of current, causing the charging process to take some time.

During this charging process, the voltage across the capacitor increases, while the current flowing through the resistor and the capacitor decreases. As time goes on, the voltage across the capacitor approaches the voltage of the battery in the circuit, which is 12 volts in this case. Once the capacitor is fully charged, the current flowing through the circuit stops since no more charge can be stored in the capacitor.

During the charging process, the voltage across the resistor decreases, as the voltage across the capacitor increases. Once the capacitor is fully charged, the voltage across the resistor becomes zero, and the voltage across the capacitor is equal to the voltage of the battery.

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Complete question:

In the circuit on the right, the capacitor is initially uncharged. a. Describe what is observed when the switch is closed. b. How would your observations be changed capacitor were twice as large? c. How would your observations be changed if the bulb had half as much resistance?

The maximum reading on the ammeter will be determined by the rate of change of the magnetic field through the coil, and the number of turns in the coil.

The maximum reading on an ammeter when a magnet is pulled away from a coil as quickly as possible depends on several factors. Firstly, it depends on the strength of the magnetic field of the magnet, the number of turns in the coil, and the rate of change of the magnetic field. A faster change in the magnetic field will induce a larger current in the coil and produce a higher reading on the ammeter.

Additionally, the resistance of the circuit and the sensitivity of the ammeter also play a role in determining the maximum reading. Therefore, the maximum reading on the ammeter will be higher if the magnetic field is stronger, the number of turns in the coil is larger, the rate of change of the magnetic field is faster, the resistance of the circuit is lower, and the sensitivity of the ammeter is higher.

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--The complete question is, On what factors does the maximum reading on the ammeter when the magnet is pulled away from the coil as quickly as possible?--

An inflated beach ball pushed beneath the water surface will swiftly shoot above the water surface when released due to the principle of buoyancy.

Buoyancy is a physical phenomenon that describes the upward force this is exerted on an item submerged in a fluid, inclusive of water or air. This pressure is a result of the pressure differences between the top and backside of an item in a fluid, and it is referred to as buoyant pressure.

Here, the beach ball is pushed beneath the water surface, it displaces a certain amount of water which will weight more than the beach ball itself. This cause acceleration upwards towards the surface when ball released.

If the object is less dense than the liquid, it will float. if the object is more dense than the liquid, it will sink.

Beach ball has a lower density than the water it displaces. So the buoyant force is so higher than a solid object of the same size and weight. The combination of buoyancy and the low density of air inside the beach ball causes it to shoot up quickly to the water surface when released.

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The one property of a main-sequence star that determines all its other properties is its mass. Option c is correct.

The main-sequence is a sequence of stars in which they spend most of their lifetimes. The position of a star on the main-sequence depends on its mass, which determines its luminosity, temperature, spectral type, and other properties. The more massive a star is, the hotter and brighter it is, and the shorter its lifetime.

Conversely, less massive stars are cooler and dimmer, and live much longer. The mass of a star also determines the reactions that occur in its core and the elements that are produced, shaping its evolution and eventual fate. Therefore, the mass of a main-sequence star is a fundamental property that determines most of its other characteristics. Hence option c is correct.

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Answer:

The characteristic of light behavior that best helps explain the photoelectric effect is that light carries particles called photons. When the photons of light strike the metal surface, they transfer their energy to the electrons in the metal, and if the energy of the photons is high enough, they can cause electrons to be emitted from the metal surface. This phenomenon is known as the photoelectric effect, and it was first explained by Albert Einstein in 1905.

The charge on the positive plate of each capacitor is q/2, and the potential difference across each capacitor is q/2×C1 and q/2×C2 respectively.

Assuming that the capacitors have capacitances C1 and C2, and the charge on the positive plate of each capacitor is q1 and q2 respectively. During the charging process, the battery supplies a potential difference v to the capacitors, which causes a charge q to flow through the circuit. According to the conservation of charge, the charge on the positive plate of each capacitor must be equal to q/2 (since the capacitors are in series, the charge on each capacitor is the same).

The potential difference across each capacitor can be calculated using the formula:

V = Q/C

where V is the potential difference, Q is the charge on the capacitor, and C is the capacitance.

For the first capacitor, we have:

V1 = q/2×C1

For the second capacitor, we have:

V2 = q/2×C2

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(a) Kinetic Energy: 216 J, Potential Energy: 353.4 J. (b) Work Done: 2160 J.

(b) Total work done is equals to 2160J

(a) To find the kinetic energy (KE) and potential energy (PE) of a 12 kg cat running on a 3 m high wall with a speed of 6 m/s, we use the following formulas:

KE = 0.5 * mass * velocity²
KE = 0.5 * 12 kg * (6 m/s)²
KE = 216 J

PE = mass * gravity * height
PE = 12 kg * 9.81 m/s^²* 3 m
PE = 353.4 J

(b) To find the work done when the cat runs 10 m and then stops, we use the work-energy principle:

Work Done = Change in Kinetic Energy
Since the cat comes to a stop, the final KE is 0 J.

Work Done = Initial KE - Final KE
Work Done = 216 J - 0 J
Work Done = 2160 J

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By shooting past it's equilibrium position and then oscillate before settling to the equilibrium position is characterize the response of the mass once you let go. So, option A is corect choice.

The given mass-spring-damper system can be represented by the differential equation:

[tex]my'' + \mu_fy' + k\timesy = F_{ext}[/tex]

where y is the displacement of the mass from its equilibrium position, and [tex]F_{ext}[/tex] is any external force acting on the system.

To determine the response of the mass once you let go, we need to solve the above differential equation for the initial condition y(0) = 0.2 and y'(0) = 0 (assuming that the mass is released from rest).

To solve the differential equation, we first need to determine the damping ratio, which is given by:

damping ratio (ζ) = [tex]\mu_f / (2 \times \sqrt{(k \times m)})[/tex]

Substituting the given values, we get:

damping ratio (ζ) = [tex]7 / (2 \times \sqrt{160 \times 80})[/tex] = 0.1106

Since the damping ratio is less than 1, the system is underdamped.

Therefore, the response of the mass once you let go will oscillate with a decreasing amplitude until it reaches its equilibrium position.

The frequency of oscillation (ω) can be determined using the following formula:

ω = [tex]\sqrt{(k / m - \zeta ^2 times (\mu_f^2 / 4 \times m^2))}[/tex]

Substituting the given values, we get:

ω = [tex]\sqrt{160 / 80 - 0.1106^2 \times (7^2 / (4 \times 80^2)}[/tex]= 4.352 rad/s

The time period of oscillation (T) can be determined using the formula:

T = 2π / ω

Substituting the value of ω, we get:

T = 2π / 4.352 = 1.444 s

Therefore, once you let go, the mass will oscillate around its equilibrium position with a decreasing amplitude and a time period of 1.444 s until it eventually comes to rest.

Hence, the correct answer is option A: "It would shoot past its equilibrium position and then oscillate before settling to the equilibrium position."

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Question:-

you have a mass spring damper system as descried by

[tex]m\frac{d^2y}{dt^2}+\mu_f\frac{dy}{dt}  +ky =F_{ext}[/tex]

where

m= 80 kg

[tex]\mu_f[/tex]  = 7 N*s/m

k = 160 N/m

The unit of Newtons (N) is equivalent to kg m/s²

If you were to displace the mass by 0.2 m from its equilibrium position, how would you characterize the response of the mass once you let go? (Hint: you need to determine the value of the damping ratio).

a. It would shoot past it's equilibrium position and then oscillate before settling to the equilibrium position

b. It will approach the equilibrium position very slowly but not oscillate.

c. The answer depends on the value of the time constant

d. The system will be critically damped.